The dynamics of Conflict to international Peace.

My Analysis on Geopolitics, South Asia, India-Afganishtan Relations, US-Taliban Talks, India-Pak strained relations and Peace building and conflict transformation.

If defeating the Taliban militarily has proved difficult then negotiating with them has been particularly adamant and pessimistic. America must understand that from withdrawal of US troops from Syria and Afghanistan to negotiations with Taliban consequently will not prevail international peace as international terrorism is not over. Peace process with terrorist organisations is a surrender but What does reconciliation peace process actually is?? that US doesn't recognize this peace strategy.

US President Donald Trump orders US troops withdrawal from war-torn country Syria and Afghanistan is a regrettable setback. Trump’s abrupt reversal of foreign policy endanger their nation, damage their alliance and emboldened adversaries as a lack of coherent policy strategy in the foreign policy domain of this trump administration. Trump’s troop withdrawals also pose a conundrum for Britain and France, which both have military units engaged in Syria and Iraq. the vicious conflict in war torn country is so alarming humanitarian agencies and could undermine fragile international peace talks.

US-Taliban talks to end the longest American war through negotiation is proved to be ineffectual to break the conflict that has been hamstrung by the uncertainty but such a move would embolden Taliban's making the Taliban even more confident in their strength and regaining to furthering the stronghold in Afghanistan if not completely discouraged thus undermining the role of Afghanistan government. stressing the importance of Afghans spearheading peace talks with the Taliban, hinting at concerns within the Afghan government of being left out of a U.S.-led process or being given a marginal role. The size of the Taliban in Afghanistan is now estimated to be around 60,000 and they control about 44 per cent of the Afghan territory, he said, adding that it is not a good idea to leave this war-torn country at this point of time.

In the developments surrounding the Afghan peace process, Taliban leaders are playing by their own rules, demonstrating that they will continue to undermine the government of Afghanistan, engage in peace negotiations on their own terms alone that spell dangerous consequences for the future of Afghan democracy.

However, the Taliban’s refusal to talk to the Afghan government while constantly mocking it as stooges of the U.S. government and attacking its legitimacy demonstrates that the road to peace remains is inevitable. It continues to remain adamant about not engaging with the Afghan government, even as President Ghani assembles a team of Afghan government officials to hold talks with the Taliban. Talibans demand for the withdrawal of U.S. and NATO troops from Afghanistan also continues to prevail. The Taliban are fighting to flush out US-led international forces and re-establish their regime in Afghanistan after their ouster in 2001. the Taliban has not responded to the US announcement of partial withdrawal. Instead, in an arrogant message, it has warned the US that if it did not leave Afghanistan it would meet the same fate as the erstwhile Soviet Union.

It is perceivable that the United States, which appears to be both hopeful and desperate for a peace deal, might give into the pressure of the deteriorating security situation and agree to some of the Taliban’s preconditions and conditions, including the removal of its leaders from UN sanctions list, a formal recognition of its political office, and the elimination of U.S. presence in Afghanistan. But if American policymakers were to disagree with the Taliban on their preconditions and conditions, they would likely put an end to the peace efforts that have been gaining momentum since the Eid ceasefire. The United States would once again have to opt for the same old strategy of hoping to pressurize the Taliban through tactical military victories, a policy which has been failing until now.

A polarized regional environment has contributed immensely to the continued conflict in Afghanistan. The battle among regional stakeholders over ownership of peace talks and their strategic interests in the region has been a stumbling block to achieving regional cooperation on Afghanistan. the incentive to expand their influence within Afghanistan and the region has led Russia, Iran, and Pakistan to hedge their bets by backing the Afghan Taliban, thereby playing spoiler to the success of an Afghan-led and owned peace process and further elevating the status of the Taliban. For Russia and Iran, accusations indicate that both countries seek to limit U.S. influence in Afghanistan by supporting various quarters of the Taliban. Pakistan’s support of the Taliban derives from its fears of Indian influence in Afghanistan. There is, however, potential for regional stakeholders to end this contest for influence in the country and chart a path forward for a peaceful Afghanistan with minimal help from the United States.

Major powers such as Russia and countries could take approach to bring resolution to their own disputes that have inhibited progress on Afghanistan for decades, such as the India-Pakistan rivalry. the strained bilateral relations between India and Pakistan has had direct implications on the Afghan peace process. a neutral party such as Russia, which maintains positive relations with both countries, could bring these clashing countries to the table in the context of peace talks – as indeed it already has. In November, the multilateral peace conference organized by Moscow witnessed the talks of both Pakistan and India.

Pakistan indicates that the country may be interested in further cooperating and reducing mistrust with India, with Pakistan’s Foreign Minister Shah Mehmood Qureshi acknowledging India’s role in Afghanistan and calling for India-Pakistan cooperation in Afghanistan. India have expressed skepticism over Qureshi’s statement, asserting that it does not suggest a major shift in Pakistan’s foreign policy given that the Pakistani military, the entity in Pakistan that is responsible for strategy towards Afghanistan, did not endorse it. Even so, in light of Pakistan’s economic crisis and an uptick in pressure on India to increase its engagement in the Afghanistan conflict, the acknowledgement does open doors for limited dialogue. Peace initiatives such as the Russia-led multilateral conference, which demand that India and Pakistan share the same platform, could help the two countries in exchanging dialogue on Afghanistan, building trust, and even engaging in state-building and investment projects such as the Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India (TAPI) project. Through such efforts, India and Pakistan can ensure that their bilateral tensions do not get into their way of engagement on Afghanistan.

Another stumbling block to the resolution of the conflict in Afghanistan – often pointed out by the United States – is Pakistan’s covert support of the Afghan Taliban. India and International community have long maintained that the reason for the Taliban’s military success and its aversion towards dialogue with the Afghan government is Pakistan’s backing of the group. However, it is also true that Pakistan’s relationship with the Taliban could be leveraged to bring all parties, including the Taliban, to the same table. The Eid ceasefire in July and the United Arab Emirates-hosted Pakistan-facilitated talks between the Taliban and U.S. officials in December signal Pakistan’s growing seriousness in the peace process. It is time for Pakistan to establish its sincerity in peace talks by abandoning its double game of both facilitating the peace talks and supporting the Afghan Taliban. In doing so, Pakistan can work towards improving its relationship with Afghanistan. Despite Pakistan's positive rhetoric in support of the US' South Asia Strategy, violent extremist organisations (VEOs) operate along its border with Afghanistan, Taliban consequently sponsored and supported by Pakistan government. We did not see much of a change in Pakistan's behaviour towards Afghanistan or its stand against terrorist groups. While Pakistan has conducted some operations against any other in the country, they would continue to expand these operations and remain aggressively engaged. Pakistan continues to use Afghan Taliban as a hedge against any other neighbouring countries.

The conflict and hostilities continues to be unabated with India-Pakistan bilateral jeopardized after the 2016 Pathankot attack. In September 2016, a terrorist attack on an Indian military base in Indian state of Jammu & Kashmir Kashmir, the deadliest such attack in years, killed 19 Indian Army soldiers. India's claim that the attack had been orchestrated by a Pakistan-supported jihadist group was denied by Pakistan, which claimed the attack had been a local reaction to unrest in the region due to excessive force by Indian security personnel. The attack sparked a military confrontation across the Line of Control, with an escalation in ceasefire violations and surgical strikes in Pakistan occupied Kashmir which have caused significant casualties and killed many Pakistan backed terrorist in POK. As of December 2016, the ongoing confrontation and an increase in nationalist rhetoric on both sides has resulted in the collapse of bilateral relations, with little expectation they will recover. Keeping in view of fragile security situation in south asia, There is no comprehensive engagement with Pakistan that is unlikely to occur, Pakistan has no locus standi on Kashmir issue. Pakistan's sponsoring of terrorism warrants international attention as  Paks Failure to take collective action against terrorism has put FAIU greylist, UN list & International sanctions & invite serious consequence from India, USA, NATO allies, United Nations. the conflict continues to be unresolvable between India and Pakistan as Ever since the partition of country into India and Pakistan, the two states have been often engaged in some sort of tension and conflicts that culminated in three wars. continuance of Border disputes-stand on LOC (Line of Control). unprecedented Infiltration by Pakistani insurgents. Islamic state, political instability and dominant military have contributed in building anti-India posture in the minds of people, pakistan Extension of support to separatist and terrorist elements to cause severe deadlocks and instability in India, their unabated cross border terrorism along with their continued support for terrorism activities in Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan has taken aggressive stance on Kashmir that greatly hampered the prospects for normalization of relations between the two countries.

Effectual Conflict in south Asia, the situation today is radically different, the arch of terrorism presence is undoubtedly biggest threat to international peace and security. Pakistan always provide sanctuaries to UN designated terrorist organizations in a flagrant violation of united nations security council is bound to raise tensions in South Asia. pakistan is not conducive to peace in resolving the disputes coordinately. Any retaliatory action could aggravate India-Pakistan and potentially lead to a bilateral crisis. India will launch an all out effort to isolate Pakistan in United Nations, United Nations security council, United Nations Human Rights Council and all diplomatic efforts will be launched in this regard. India will respond by launching a major military and diplomatic offensive to retaliate Pakistani infiltrators. India made clear that it holds Pakistan responsible for the unprecedented attack, leading to a fresh round of tensions between the two nuclear-armed rivals. India and the United States accuse Pakistan of supporting and sheltering militants that launch attacks into Indian state of Jammu & Kashmir. International pressure on Pakistan's failure to punish the terrorist organization will force escalation of tension in south Asia that has potentially devastating consequences in south Asia. The incident drew a barrage of international criticism toward Islamabad for failing to sufficiently crack down on domestic terrorists and terror financing — a longstanding issue that's landed the South Asian nation on global financial blacklist. the risk of nuclear war makes it unlikely that conventional conflict will escalate to the nuclear level, thereby making conventional conflict more likely. A low probability of conventional war escalating to the nuclear level would reduce the ability of Pakistan's nuclear weapons to deter an Indian conventional attack. Because Pakistan is conventionally weaker than India, this would discourage Pakistani aggression and encourage robust Indian conventional retaliation against Pakistani provocations. Pakistani boldness and Indian restraint have actually resulted from instability in the strategic environment. A full-scale Indo-Pakistani conventional conflict would create a significant risk of nuclear escalation. This danger enables Pakistan to launch limited attacks on India while deterring allout Indian conventional retaliation and attracting international attention to the two countries' dispute over Kashmir. Unlike in Cold War Europe, in contemporary South Asia nuclear danger facilitates, rather than impedes, conventional conflict.

It is high time for US to take a holistic approach for peaceful settlement of International peace and stability in war torn Afghanistan. US requires to implement the pre- foreign policy of Afghanistan in cooperation with America’s allies such as russia, china, India to embark on a long term foreign policy strategy in Afghanistan. With this strategy priorities keeping in mind, US, Russia, China, India in bringing them to the negotiations. They should take pledges to continue support to Afghanistan as it rebuilds a stable, secure and economically self‑sufficient State, free of terrorism and narcotics. It further encourages all partners to support constructively the Government of Afghanistan’s reform agenda and emphasizes that threats to stability and development in the country and the region require closer and more coordinated cooperation. While America is persuasive to peace, Americans should not lose sight of the difficulties in securing a deal with the Taliban, a dangerous reconcilable enemy, as well as Pakistan, a country with regional ambitions that are not always compatible with American objectives. The United States would do well to align its negotiating position with that of the Afghan government.

Today The hostilities between all sides should be avoided and defuse the escalation of tensions at this critical juncture.. The World peace, stability, tranquility is dedicated to humanity bearing in mind the Charter of the International Peace and Humanity, including the purposes and principles contained therein, and in particular those of saving succeeding generations from the scourge of war, bringing about by peaceful means, and in conformity with the principles of justice and international law, adjustment or settlement of international disputes or situations which might lead to a breach of the peace, and practising tolerance and living together in peace with one another as good neighbours, thus developing friendly relations among nations and promoting international cooperation to resolve international economic, social, cultural and humanitarian issues are of importance priorities to for Humanity.

I firmly believe that Peace & security between india-USA, South Asian countries are of Paramount importance..they should resolve their difference through a constructive dialogue and a peaceful negotiations based on well established international principles of mutual respect, sovereignty and Non interference in the internal affairs of south Asian countries..First terrorism, extremism, threat to peace and stability and religious intolerance pose a grave threat not only to regional stability but also to the global peace and order that must be confronted and eradicated in a comprehensive and coordinated manner...

India has strong bilateral relations with Afghanistan, India has built enormous infrastructure developments, education and maintained economic prosperity in Afghanistan despite a clamour that India needs to engage with Taliban. India has prominent objectives for Afghanistan to help the nation to stand as a prosperous Afghanistan and thwart Pakistan nefarious designs, the second to reduce Pakistan sponsored terrorism and militant activity. Our government believers rather than engaging Taliban talks, India will continue to maintain cooperative approach towards bilateral relations with Afghanistan government.

We reiterated India's support to an Afghan-led, Afghan-owned and Afghan-controlled peace and reconciliation process that would enable Afghanistan to continue as a united, peaceful, inclusive and democratic nation and emerge as an economically vibrant country. The Prime Minister emphasized India's unwavering commitment to support the efforts of the Government of Afghanistan to this end, as also for the security and sovereignty of Afghanistan. He unequivocally condemned terrorist attacks and violence in Afghanistan which have caused immense loss of precious human lives and expressed solidarity with the people and national defence forces of Afghanistan in their fight against terrorism.

India has provided extendable assistance for economic development and reconstruction of Afghanistan and also for human resource development, including training of Afghan National Defence and Security Forces in India.

India supports all efforts for peace and reconciliation that are Afghan owned, Afghan led and Afghan controlled. Regional and international partners of Afghanistan need to work keeping in mind the priorities, wishes and desire of the Afghan people. India welcomes the fact that the people of Afghanistan have time and again reposed faith in democratic governance and the forthcoming Presidential elections in Afghanistan will further deepen the roots of democracy in Afghanistan.

India's continued commitment to enhanced economic and development partnership; and support for efforts of the people and Government of Afghanistan to build a peaceful, stable, secure, prosperous, united inclusive, democratic and pluralistic nation free from the shadow of terrorism assumes significance for Indiana chan isn't an relations. India welcomed the Afghan Government's call to armed groups to cease violence and join national peace and reconciliation process that would protect the rights of all Afghans, including the women, children and the minorities. Further, there can be no compromise with terrorism and action must be taken against those who continue down the path of violence and those who finance them and provide safe havens and sanctuaries. We are working towards peace & reconciliation and also in confronting the challenges of terrorism and extremism imposed on Afghanistan and its people. the two sides agreed to strengthen this cooperation and also to work even more closely with their regional and international partners for prosperity, peace, stability and progress.